Bothers me too along with another poster that is clearly not a bot. It's something new altogether and it can't be good.
I've been doing research ever since my last post (I assume I'm the "clearly not a bot" you referenced) and I'm not finding anything. Most of the highly targeted (in the vernacular, "context-aware") spambots flow from social media to email. You put your interests on Facebook, the 'bot reads about you, and sends you spam email that might actually appeal to you. Your interests and your contact info are sourced in the same place.
I've been reading research papers on this stuff all morning. Some go back to 2007. But I haven't found anything that directly addresses what we saw with the post and account that started this.
There's another possibility - that it's not a 'bot. I've managed to find some discussions of manual spamming, something that I would have never conceived but that appears to be a growing problem. Apparently, serious bandwidth is finally reaching places such as parts of Africa that are in such terrible economic straits that it's actually profitable to hire real people to sit at terminals, manually create accounts, and post real posts via those accounts. Of course, they also toss in a spam link.
Some sysops (just gave away my age, didn't I?) are restricting posters so that their initial posts must be approved. Some are allowing posting but no links until a certain threshold number of posts has been achieved.
They're still losing. In the first case, the real person just has to author a couple of good posts before turning the account over to a 'bot, one that now has operator-granted credibility on the forum. In the second case, you just let a 'bot create the account and throw out a few spams until the threshold is reached, then turn the account over to a real person to start spamming OR just let the real person do the spamming from the beginning.
Either way, so far the only effective strategies to fight this stuff seems to be either having crowds of long-time trusted posters with moderation privileges, crowd-sourced moderation (like Slashdot), or tying forum membership into real-world credentials such as only allowing the people who have joined your organization and paid money to have access. Of course, this is on top of the normal strategies like blocking known-bad IPs or ranges.
At the moment, I don't really envy the admins who must deal with this crap.
Good luck.